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Environmental history video

Charles R. Hawkins

Former Virginia Senator (R - 19th District)
 
Hungry Mother State Park
While 2008 marks the anniversary of DEQ, it also marks the retirement of a highly respected friend of the environment. Charles Hawkins spent 10 years as a member of the House of Delegates, and the past 16 as a state senator. Among his many accomplishments, Hawkins served as chairman of the Senate Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources Committee.
 
Known for his long-standing interest in wildlife resources, the senator has high praise for the efforts of DEQ. “I don’t think there’s any question when you look back and see where we were and where we’ve come,” says Hawkins. “Without DEQ, I think the state would have lost its ability to be able to control its own destiny. We would have found ourselves in trouble fairly rapidly, but DEQ was able to put things in place and work rapidly to solve problems. The DEQ has more than lived up to its anticipated goals. It’s something we can all look back on and say it was the right thing to do.”
 
Still, Hawkins sees environmentalism not just within the context of Virginia, but as a global effort. “I think one of the biggest challenges we’ve got right now is trying to make people understand that what you do is not done in a vacuum. It ripples throughout the system. When you do something at one end of the stream flow it goes all the way to the other end. Once you put a pollutant in the air, it’s there, and it’s not isolated to one area. We’re beginning to see the results of that by the growth of the Asian markets, all those factories, the smoke—all those pollutants are coming our way—particularly mercury and other metals. They get washed out in the rain. You’ve got to realize that it’s an international problem we all have to address.”
 
As for the future of environmental protection in Virginia, Hawkins says, “I think it’s going to get increasingly more strict, and that’s because society is becoming increasingly more cosmopolitan in nature. We are no longer a community of farmers who are serving cities. We are a community of cities surrounded by rural landscapes.
 
“When you … see the developments taking place in Northern Virginia and Tidewater, you’ve got to be aware of the impact that it’s having on everything—not only the ground water, but the stream flows, air and everything. Every time you cut down a tree you create a problem because you lose the ability to hold down the soil. You lose the natural surroundings of the animals, so they migrate to other places and create more problems. There’s no easy answer to a growing population that is outstripping the natural resources that are in place to support it.
 
“That is one of the things that I’m very concerned with—and another is water transfer. I was very vocal on my opposition to Virginia Beach taking water from Lake Gaston. Not because I don’t want Virginia Beach to have water, but I believe that if you start transferring natural resources from point to point without the ability for the area to support the population there and create an artificial environment where populations grow beyond the ability to support it, you’re creating a disaster at some point. I don’t know exactly when, but it will happen. There has to be some understanding that populations need to be where the natural resources can support that population. You can’t continue to create artificial environments in areas where they can’t be supported. In Virginia, you can’t turn tidal lands into development without having a consequence.

“It’s going to be more devastating as the climate changes, and the climate is changing. We have to face reality. The worst thing we can do is stick our heads in the sand and say there’s no problem.”
 

Favorite outdoor spot: Floyd, near the mountains

 


Environmental History Timeline

July 1, 1946
Virginia adopts the State Water Control Law, one of the country's first comprehensive statewide efforts to control water pollution. The law also establishes the State Water Control Board.
1952
The Virginia Resource Use Education Council is formed. Today, it is the oldest interagency natural resource and education committee in the country.
1963
The U.S. Congress approves the Clean Air Act. Significant amendments are passed in 1970, 1977 and 1990.
July 1, 1966
Virginia adopts the Air Pollution Control Law, which establishes the Air Pollution Control Board.
1970
A pollution response program, originally called Hazard Alert Team Standby, begins under the State Water Control Board to address water pollution complaints statewide.
April 22, 1970
The first nationwide Earth Day celebration occurs.
December 2, 1970
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is formed.
1971
The State Water Control Board adopts the Occoquan Policy, a regulation to restrict the number of sewage treatment plants in the Occoquan Reservoir between Fairfax and Prince William counties.
April 1, 1971
The Virginia Board of Health's regulations on the disposal of solid waste take effect as the first statewide regulation of solid waste.
July 1, 1971
Virginia's revised Constitution takes effect, including Article 11.
1972
The federal Water Pollution Control Act is adopted. The law is amended as the Clean Water Act in 1977 and 1987.
July 1, 1972
Virginia establishes the Council on the Environment as a state agency to coordinate implementation of the Commonwealth's environmental policy.
July 1, 1973
Virginia adopts the Ground Water Act, which authorizes the State Water Control Board to designate ground water management areas.
1975
State enforcement action resulting from a fish kill establishes a legal precedent for the State Water Control Board to recover fish kill investigation costs and costs for replacement fish.
October 21, 1976
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the first comprehensive amendment of the federal Solid Waste Management Act of 1965, takes effect and is administered by EPA.
July 1, 1978
The State Water Control Law is amended to strengthen the State Water Control Board's ability to deal with oil spills.
December 11, 1980
The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, known as CERCLA or Superfund, takes effect.
May 21, 1981
The first Virginia hazardous waste management regulations go into effect based on federal RCRA regulations.
December 9, 1983
Virginia joins other jurisdictions in signing the first Chesapeake Bay Agreement, calling for a unified effort to improve the health of the Bay.
November 1984
The EPA authorizes the Virginia Hazardous Waste Management Program, allowing Virginia to conduct most permitting and enforcement activities using state law and regulations.
1986
Virginia establishes the Coastal Zone Management Program to protect and manage coastal areas in the Commonwealth.
July 1, 1986
The Virginia Department of Waste Management is formed under the new secretary of natural resources. The Waste Management Board also is established.
July 1, 1987
The State Water Control Law is amended to establish the State Water Control Board's general supervision of underground storage tanks and establishes the Virginia Petroleum Storage Tank Fund.
December 15, 1987
Chesapeake Bay Agreement signatories renew their commitment to improve the Bay.
1988
Virginia adopts the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act.
July 1, 1989
Legislation takes effect that establishes a statewide recycling mandate of 25 percent of municipal solid waste by 1995.
July 1, 1990
The State Water Control Law is amended to establish the State Water Control Board's regulation of aboveground storage tanks. The discharge of oil also is prohibited.
October 9, 1991
EPA regulations governing management of municipal solid waste take effect.
1992
EPA establishes the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System policy to bring municipal combined sewer overflows into compliance with the Clean Water Act.
July 1, 1992
The Virginia Ground Water Management Act replaces the 1973 Ground Water Act.
October 6, 1992
The federal facilities Corrective Action Program takes effect and establishes a system for the cleanup of contaminated sites on federal lands.
April 1, 1993
The Virginia Department of Environmental Quality is formed.
July 1, 1993
The Virginia Pollution Prevention Program is established at DEQ.
1994
The Virginia Pollution Abatement Program begins at DEQ.
May 1994
DEQ issues its first air quality forecasts for summer ozone.
1995
Virginia's Voluntary Remediation Program is created by the General Assembly to encourage voluntary cleanups of potentially contaminated sites for later reuse.
March 1998
DEQ launches "Air Check Virginia," an enhanced vehicle emissions inspection program for Northern Virginia.
January 2000
The Virginia Naturally 2000 initiative is unveiled in the governor's State of the Commonwealth address.
June 2000
The Chesapeake 2000 Agreement is signed.
September 29, 2000
EPA authorizes Virginia's RCRA Corrective Action Program.
July 1, 2005
State legislation establishes the Virginia Environmental Excellence Program to encourage business and industry to go beyond basic environmental compliance.
January 1, 2007
DEQ implements one of the country's first nutrient trading programs, allowing for the transfer of "credits" among existing wastewater treatment facilities to meet their required nutrient limits.
January 1, 2008
DEQ assumes oversight of land application of biosolids, or sludge, in Virginia. This ensures a more comprehensive inspection program and consistent enforcement of the biosolids regulations statewide.
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